Antonio Vivaldi was an Italian Baroque composer, virtuoso violinist, and teacher born on March 4, 1678, in Venice. He is best known for his contributions to the development of the concerto form and for his numerous concertos for violin and other instruments. Vivaldi’s most famous work is “The Four Seasons,” a series of violin concertos that depict scenes appropriate for each season of the year.
Vivaldi’s early life was marked by his musical talent, which was evident from a young age. He began studying for the priesthood at the age of 15 and was ordained at 25. However, due to a health problem, he was given dispensation to no longer say public Masses.
Throughout his career, Vivaldi composed over 500 concertos, more than 40 operas, and numerous sacred choral works. Many of his compositions were written for the all-female music ensemble of the Ospedale della Pietà, a home for abandoned children in Venice.
Vivaldi’s influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe, giving origin to many imitators and admirers. He pioneered developments in orchestration, violin technique, and programmatic music. Despite his success during his lifetime, Vivaldi died in poverty in Vienna on July 28, 1741.
After almost two centuries of decline, Vivaldi’s musical reputation underwent a revival in the early 20th century. Many of his compositions, once thought lost, have been rediscovered and continue to be performed and celebrated today.
Vivaldi’s Sonata No.3 in A minor is in four movements, a slow and stately Largo which is characterised by an insistent dotted rhythm motif followed…
Vivaldi’s Sonata No.3 in A minor is in four movements, a slow and stately Largo which is characterised by an insistent dotted rhythm motif followed by a fast and lively Allegro with dance rhythms and effective staccato and legato contrasts. The third movement (Largo), a lyrical and cantabile ‘song without words’, emphasises the lyrical potential of the cello or double bass with long cantabile phrases in the middle register of the instrument. The final movement (Allegro) is a successful conclusion to the sonata, with a syncopated feature alongside a rhythmic and buoyant forward momentum. This edition for double bass and guitar by Bertram Turetzky is particularly successful, with a simple and supportive accompaniment, allowing the double bass to inhabit its own solo register.
Antonio Vivaldi was born in Venice in 1678 and died in Vienna in 1741. He was a vastly prolific composer of concertos, primarily for the violin, and operas and he was regarded as one of the greatest Baroque composers across Europe during the 18th-century. Very little is known about his cello sonatas, nine have survived, which were originally written for cello and basso continuo. In the late 1730s six cello sonatas were published in Paris by Charles-Nicolas Le Clerc, to exploit the popularity of the instrument in France at the time, without the composer’s permission. It is thought that the publisher grouped together six of the sonatas, rather than they were written as a set, because three of them are in the key of B flat major, something a composer would rarely do. The manuscripts of six sonatas grouped as a set is owned by the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris, and there are other manuscripts in Naples and Germany, but very little is known about them and much is speculation.
