Robert Schumann was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic of the Romantic era, born on June 8, 1810, in Zwickau, Saxony, Germany. He passed away on July 29, 1856, in Endenich, near Bonn, Prussia, Germany. Schumann is renowned particularly for his piano music, songs (lieder), and orchestral music. Many of his best-known piano pieces were written for his wife, the pianist Clara Schumann.
Schumann’s early years were marked by his father’s influence, who was a bookseller and publisher. He began his musical education at the age of six, studying the piano. In 1827, he came under the musical influence of Austrian composer Franz Schubert and the literary influence of German poet Jean Paul Richter. In the same year, he composed some songs.
Despite initially studying law at the University of Leipzig, Schumann’s passion for music prevailed. He studied the piano seriously with Friedrich Wieck, Clara’s father, and eventually married Clara despite Wieck’s opposition2. Schumann’s early works were mainly piano pieces, including the large-scale “Carnaval” (1834–1835). He co-founded the “Neue Zeitschrift für Musik” (New Musical Journal) in 1834 and edited it for ten years, contributing significantly to music criticism.
His compositions include the “Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op. 54,” “Symphony No. 1 in B-flat Major,” and song cycles such as “Frauenliebe und -leben” and “Dichterliebe.” Schumann turned to orchestral music in 1841, chamber music and choral works in the following years, and his wife Clara premiered many of his works, including the Piano Concerto.
Schumann’s life was troubled by mental health issues, which led to his attempted suicide in 1854 and subsequent confinement in a sanatorium, where he died two years later. His legacy remains significant, as he was one of the most important Romantic composers and a highly regarded music critic, whose deeply personal music reflects the nature of Romanticism.
Schumann’s Abendlied or Evening Song Op. 85 No. 12 for three-hand (!) piano (No. 12 from the "Piano Pieces for Four Hands” Op. 85) was…
Schumann’s Abendlied or Evening Song Op. 85 No. 12 for three-hand (!) piano (No. 12 from the “Piano Pieces for Four Hands” Op. 85) was tremendously popular in the 19th cen-tury, as we can see from the impressive number of arrangements made of it, including those by Camille Saint-Saëns and Joachim Raff.
This is the back-ground against which this version must be seen. The 14-year-old Ferruccio Busoni transposed Schumann’s “warhorse” to C major and arranged it for clarinet and string quartet, presumably as appendix to his Suite in G minor for the concerts given by his father Ferdinando, a clarinetist.
Like many of Busoni’s other early works, this little score also remained unpublished to our first edition.
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