Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist, a pivotal figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in classical music. He was baptized on December 17, 1770, in Bonn, Germany, and died on March 26, 1827, in Vienna, Austria.
Beethoven is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Western music. His works rank among the most performed pieces in the classical music repertoire. His career is conventionally divided into early, middle, and late periods. The early period, where he honed his craft, is typically considered to have lasted until 1802. His middle period, sometimes characterized as “heroic,” showed individual development from the styles of Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and lasted until around 18. During this time, Beethoven began to grow increasingly deaf. His late period, from 1812 to his death, extended his innovations in musical form and expression.
Some of his most notable works include the Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, the Symphony No. 9 in D Minor with the famous “Ode to Joy,” the “Moonlight” Sonata, the “Emperor” Concerto, and the “Archduke” Trio. His only opera, Fidelio, was first performed in 1805 and revised to its final version in 1814.
Beethoven’s personal life was marked by struggles, including his gradual hearing loss, which led to total deafness. Despite this, he continued to compose masterpieces, and his music remains a testament to his genius and the enduring power of human creativity.
Since 2001 the Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 in D minor Op. 125 Finale “An die Freude” has been included in UNESCO’s Memory of the World…
Since 2001 the Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 in D minor Op. 125 Finale “An die Freude” has been included in UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register.
Beethoven was preoccupied with his unique work for many years, since at least 1815, and still shortly before his death, according to the highly complex source situation.
The work will now finally be available as an edition produced from the new Beethoven Complete Edition in time for the 2020 anniversary year commemorating the composer’s 250th birthday.
Not all doubtful cases can be clarified, not all gaps closed, but numerous aspects have been further illuminated in this edition. New findings and source evaluations taken into account here, appear, for instance, pertaining to the work’s title, the tradition of the metronome indications, the contrabassoon part, and the underlying vocal text in the finale, as well as in the original rendering of the sforzato and forte markings.
The edition is to be considered, according to its editor Beate Angelika Kraus, as a “contribution to the understanding of a work in which there is a discrepancy between its significance in musical life and the critical appreciation of its musical text.”
Urtext from the new Beethoven Complete Edition
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